What is the function of wetlands in ecosystems?

Wetlands play a crucial role in ecosystems primarily by serving as natural water filters and providing essential habitat for various species. These ecosystems are characterized by their saturated soils and standing water, which contribute to their unique functions.

As natural water filters, wetlands trap sediments, pollutants, and nutrients from surface runoff before they can enter larger water bodies. This filtration process helps to improve water quality, reduce nutrient overload that can lead to issues such as algal blooms, and maintain the overall health of aquatic systems.

In addition to their filtering capabilities, wetlands provide diverse habitats critical for numerous species, including birds, amphibians, invertebrates, and various plants. They offer nesting and feeding grounds, support biodiversity, and serve as nursery areas for many fish species, particularly during early life stages.

The other choices do not accurately represent the broad and multifaceted roles that wetlands play within ecosystems. For instance, while they can help manage flooding by absorbing excess rainwater, they do not prevent all forms of flooding. Wetlands also support fish populations, but they are not limited to just this function; they are vital for many other species as well. The salinity of surrounding areas is typically not increased by wetlands; instead, they can help regulate water salinity, especially in coastal