What role do wetlands play in the environment?

Wetlands play a crucial role in the environment by providing habitat for a diverse range of plant and animal species, making them important for biodiversity. They serve as breeding grounds for many fish and wildlife species and offer refuge for migratory birds. Additionally, wetlands are effective natural filters, absorbing and breaking down pollutants from water, which helps to maintain water quality in surrounding ecosystems. This filtration process is vital for protecting downstream water bodies from excess nutrients, sediments, and other contaminants.

In contrast to the correct option, the other choices do not represent the vital functions of wetlands. While some might think wetlands are merely flood zones, they actually act to mitigate flooding by absorbing excess water. The idea that they inhibit biodiversity overlooks the fact that wetlands are often among the most productive ecosystems on the planet. Furthermore, while urban development can occur in various landscapes, wetlands are not typically suited for such development due to their ecological importance and the need for their preservation. Thus, the correct answer highlights the multifaceted ecological benefits that wetlands provide.