What term describes the process of water going into the ground?

The term that describes the process of water going into the ground is "infiltration." This process occurs when water from precipitation or other sources moves downward through soil and into the groundwater system. During infiltration, water percolates through the soil layers, filling up the spaces between soil particles and eventually reaching the aquifers where it can be stored and later used.

This process is crucial for replenishing groundwater supplies, maintaining the hydrological cycle, and supporting various ecosystems. Infiltration impacts local water tables and can affect everything from plant growth to water quality in nearby streams and rivers. Understanding infiltration is vital for managing water resources effectively, particularly in areas that rely on groundwater for drinking water and irrigation.