Which type of tissue is responsible for transporting water and minerals in plants?

Xylem is the type of tissue that is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots of a plant up through its stem and to the leaves and other parts. This vascular tissue functions in the conduction of these essential fluids, which are integral for various physiological processes, including photosynthesis and nutrient distribution. The walls of xylem cells are often reinforced with lignin, which not only helps in the structural support of the plant but also facilitates the movement of water through capillary action.

In contrast, phloem primarily transports sugars and organic nutrients produced during photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant. Cambium is a type of tissue that consists of actively dividing cells responsible for secondary growth, allowing the plant to increase in diameter. Bark refers to the protective outer covering of the tree, which includes more than just the phloem layer and serves as a barrier to disease and physical damage. Thus, while all these options relate to plant structure and function, xylem is specifically designated for the transport of water and minerals.