Why is soil conservation important?

Soil conservation is essential because it plays a crucial role in preventing erosion and maintaining soil fertility. Erosion can lead to the loss of topsoil, which is the most nutrient-rich layer necessary for plant growth. When topsoil is eroded, it not only reduces the land's productivity but also makes the soil structure more vulnerable to desertification.

Maintaining soil fertility is vital for agriculture, as it ensures that crops receive the necessary nutrients to grow and thrive. Healthy soil supports diverse ecosystems and contributes to water retention, reducing runoff and enhancing groundwater recharge.

In contrast, the other options suggest detrimental outcomes. Eliminating all pests can disrupt the ecological balance and harm beneficial organisms, while preparing soil exclusively for urban development neglects the vital role that soil plays in agriculture and natural habitats. Increasing soil acidity can be harmful to crops and can lead to further soil degradation. Therefore, focusing on soil conservation is critical for sustainable land management, environmental health, and food security.